英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人:鸟类是如何飞行的?(上)

This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I'm Emily Schwing.Have you ever looked up to see a hawk soar overhead, or a small chickadee flit by and wondered: How do they do that?Believe it or not, scientists never really knew either?—until now.I looked at the relationship between form and function in the most basic sense.Talia Lowi-Merri is a Ph.D. student at the University of Toronto in Canada.She says bird flight has everything to do with the shape and size of a bird’s sternum, or breastbone.Bird sternums have a projection from the middle called the keel, and this is where the flight muscles are attached.It's plausible to think that this element is important for flight.But why does it vary so much in shape and size relative to the body?There are all these questions about it that haven't been answered in the past.So, Merri set out to find some answers using a database of CT scanned sternums from 105 different bird species, like the Red-capped lark, Leach’s Storm petrel and the Southern cassowary.
译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是艾米莉·施温。你是否曾经抬头看到一只老鹰在头顶翱翔，或看到一只小山雀飞过，然后想:它们是怎么做到的?信不信由你，科学家们也从未真正知道它们是怎么做到的? 直到现在。我研究了形式和功能之间的最基本的关系。塔里亚·洛伊·梅里是加拿大多伦多大学的一名博士生。她表示，鸟的飞行与鸟胸骨的形状和大小有很大关系。鸟的胸骨中间有一个隆起的部分，叫做龙骨突，这是飞行肌肉附着的地方。认为这个基本部位对飞行很重要是有道理的。但是为什么龙骨突的形状和大小相对于身体有这么大的差异呢?关于龙骨突，有很多问题在过去都没有得到解答。因此，梅里开始利用105种不同鸟类的胸骨CT扫描数据库来寻找答案，这些鸟类包括红顶短趾百灵、白腰叉尾海燕和双垂鹤鸵。

She also included two extinct birds: the Dodo and the Great auk.The scans combine a series of x-rays to create three dimensional images.There have been newer technologies come out recently to look at shape in three dimensions.And so because the sternum is a complex element in three dimensions.It's not just a 2-D bone. It's got projections about the middle and its sides.Looking at it in three dimensions is the best way to quantify the shape and analyze it in a statistical framework.So more recently, those methods have become more accessible.And I guess because of that, I was able to do it now and maybe 10 or 15 years ago, it wasn't possible.Merri and colleagues used the scans to create computerized 3D models.And so when you do that, you can move it around.

译文

还包括两种灭绝的鸟类:渡渡鸟和大海雀。这种扫描结合一系列的X射线来创建三维图像。最近出现了一些新的技术来观察三维的形状。因为胸骨是一个复杂的三维结构。它不只是一个二维的骨头。它的中间和两边都有凸起。从三维角度观察是量化形状并在统计框架中分析它的最好方法。所以最近，这些方法变得更容易使用。我想正因为如此，我现在能够做到这一点，而在10或15年前，这是不可能的。梅里和他的同事们利用这些扫描来创建计算机化的3D模型。当你这样做的时候，你可以移动它。

You can place points on it in the important spots.And so that's what I was doing.I was putting these dots that are called landmarks, and the landmarks basically quantify in 3-D computer space where the important points are on the element.The findings, published in BMC Biology, show that sternum size and shape has a direct impact on the way a bird flies.So an eagle would be soaring and wouldn't be moving its wings as much.It just has its arms stretched out, and it has very intricate structures in its wings and at its shoulder to hold the wings out, but it doesn't have to use as much flapping power.

译文

你可以在重要的地方放置点。这就是我所做的。我放置的这些点称为地标，地标基本上在三维计算机空间中是量化的，在空间中，重要的点放置在基本部位。这项研究结果发表在《BMC生物学》杂志上，研究表明胸骨的大小和形状对鸟的飞行方式有直接影响。老鹰在翱翔时不会频繁地挥动翅膀。老鹰只是伸展翅膀，它的翅膀和肩膀上有非常复杂的结构来支撑翅膀飞行，但它不需要使用太多的拍打力。

以上是聚创考研网为考生整理的"2024考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day132"的相关考研信息，希望对大家考研备考有所帮助！ 备考过程中如有疑问，也可以添加老师微信juchuang911进行咨询。

免责声明：本网站发表的部分公开资料来源于互联网，目的在于传递更多信息及用于网络分享，并不代表本站赞同其观点和对其真实性负责。聚创考研网尊重版权，如有侵权问题，请及时联系（WX：juchuang911）