英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人：基因一小步,世界一大步(2)

The evolutionary line leading to Homo sapiens diverged 5m-6m years ago from that leading to chimpanzees, and for almost all that time the ancestors of modern humans lived in Africa.

译文

在500万至600万年前，智人的进化路线与黑猩猩的进化路线分道而行，而且现代人类的祖先几乎一直都生活在非洲。

Only about 60,000 years ago did Homo sapiens venture widely beyond the continent, in small bands of adventurers. Most of humanity’s genetic diversity, undersampled though it is, is therefore found in Africa. Unfortunately, that diversity is also reflected in the greater variety of genetic illnesses found there.

译文

仅仅在大约60000年前，组成冒险家小群体的智人冒险远涉非洲大陆以外的地方。因此，尽管样本不足，但大多数人类遗传多样性都能在非洲发现。不幸的是，这种多样性也反映在非洲发现的更多种类的遗传病上。

The bias in sequencing leads to underdiagnosis of diseases in people of (relatively recent) African descent. Genetic causes of heart failure, such as the one that caused the ultimately fatal collapse of Marc-Vivien Foé, a Cameroonian football player, during a game in 2003, are poorly understood. The variation present in most non-Africans with cystic fibrosis is responsible for only about 30% of cases in people of African origin. This is one reason, along with its relative rarity, that the illness is often missed in black children. Standard genetic tests for hearing loss would not have picked up the Mutambara boys’ variations. And such is the diversity within the continent that tests in some countries would be irrelevant in others. In Ghana HI-GENES found one mutation responsible for 40% of inherited deafness. The same variation has not been found in South Africa.

译文

测序的偏差导致对（相对较新的）非洲人后裔疾病的诊断不足。人们对心脏衰竭的遗传原因了解甚少，比如最终导致喀麦隆足球运动员马克-维维安·福在2003年的一场比赛中心力衰竭而死的原因尚不可知。基因突变引起的囊性纤维化是大多数非非洲人心力衰竭的原因，因这一遗传原因发病的非洲人只有30%。这是黑人儿童很少患有该病的原因之一，另一个原因则是它相对罕见。对听力损失的标准基因测试无法检测出穆坦巴拉家两个男孩的变异。非洲大陆的遗传疾病多样性使得一些国家的测试在其他国家无关紧要。在加纳，HI-GENES发现了一个导致40%的遗传性耳聋的突变。但南非没有发现同样的变异。

注释

1. be responsible for 是造成…的原因

There is a lot of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.

有很多证据证明压力是造成疾病的原因之一。

2. along with 除某物以外;随同…一起，跟…一起

She lost her job when the factory closed, along with hundreds of others.

工厂倒闭时，她和成百上千的其他人一样失去了工作。

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